How to use the where function in Laravel

A detailed guide on using the `where` function in Laravel to perform effective and flexible database queries.

In Laravel, the where function is used to add conditions to database queries. This article will introduce different usages of the where function, from basic to advanced, including simple conditions and more complex ones.

Different ways to use the where function in Laravel:

1. Using with simple condition:

   $users = User::where('status', 'active')->get();
   

2. Using with multiple conditions:

   $users = User::where('status', 'active')
                ->where('role', 'admin')
                ->get();
   

3. Using with OR condition:

   $users = User::where('status', 'active')
                ->orWhere('status', 'pending')
                ->get();
   

4. Using with array of conditions:

   $users = User::where([
       ['status', '=', 'active'],
       ['role', '=', 'admin']
   ])->get();
   

5. Using whereIn method:

   $users = User::whereIn('id', [1, 2, 3])->get();
   

6. Using whereNotIn method:

   $users = User::whereNotIn('id', [1, 2, 3])->get();
   

7. Using whereBetween method:

   $users = User::whereBetween('age', [18, 25])->get();
   

8. Using whereNull method:

   $users = User::whereNull('deleted_at')->get();
   

9. Using whereNotNull method:

   $users = User::whereNotNull('email')->get();
   

10. Using whereDate method:

    $users = User::whereDate('created_at', '2024-01-01')->get();
    

11. Using whereMonth method:

    $users = User::whereMonth('created_at', '01')->get(); // January
    

12. Using whereYear method:

    $users = User::whereYear('created_at', '2024')->get();
    

13. Using whereDay method:

    $users = User::whereDay('created_at', '01')->get();
    

14. Using whereColumn method:

    $users = User::whereColumn('created_at', 'updated_at')->get();
    

15. Using whereRaw method:

    $users = User::whereRaw('age > ? AND status = ?', [18, 'active'])->get();
    

System requirements:

• Laravel 8.x or higher
• PHP 7.x or higher

Tips:

• Use complex conditions judiciously to avoid degrading query performance.
• Read the official Laravel documentation to learn more about other querying methods.

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